To avoid bricking your device, you must match your specific model and region code (CSC):

: Offers fast, free downloads for most Galaxy S models, including recent ones like the Galaxy S24 and S25 series.

Before downloading files manually, use Samsung's official utilities to ensure the correct version for your specific model and region.

: Dial *#1234# in your phone's dialer to see your current CSC (e.g., XAA, BTU, or XXV).

: Find this in Settings > About phone (e.g., SM-S911U for Galaxy S23).