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: Favor immutable classes (like String ) to make code thread-safe and less buggy.

: Inheritance breaks encapsulation; use wrappers or delegates instead. : Favor immutable classes (like String ) to

: They have names and aren't required to create a new object every time. : Favor immutable classes (like String ) to

: Pass resources to the constructor instead of hardcoding them (Singleton/Static utilities). 2. Methods Common to All Objects : Favor immutable classes (like String ) to

: Don't use them for normal control flow.