The volume focuses on the transition from static 3D models to dynamic 4D-printed objects that can change shape, property, or functionality when exposed to external stimuli like heat, light, or humidity.
: Creating single-material soft robots that move without traditional mechanical joints.
: High attention is given to Shape Memory Polymers (SMPs) and shape-reversible materials that allow structures to recover their original form.
: Adaptive medical implants and stents that can adjust to a patient's body over time.
: It delves into the complex programming and modeling required for shape-shifting behavior, including the use of machine learning to predict material responses.